Temporary acoustic treatment

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Bomper
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Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

Hey guys

I have been looking at this forum for a while now but this is the first post I will make. I'm from Belgium and currently have a home studio that I use for my own projects and occasionaly to record other projects. This studio was built without any profound knowledge of acoustics or soundproofing and as a result isn't that great... :cry:
I'm planning on posting my design for a new studio (different location) based on the knowledge I gathered here (thanks for that) and on the web. I will be posting soon in the design and construction area of this forum.
For now however I'm working on finishing the mix of my own band and I'm not happy with my low-mid, bass balance of the mix. This combined with the fact that my current setup is in a room with moisture issues it seemed logical to move my gear to another room to finish the mix. I found a nice symmetrical room that my parrents can mis for a few weeks, months. I still have to measure the exact dimensions though. I'm planning on making some mid absorbers based on the designs found in the acoustic panels section and add some bass traps to get some general threatment.
My question: I already have some building materials at my house to construct the new studio. For example, I already have glassfiber isolation rolls. They are currently rolled up (1.2 m wide, 10 cm thick and 6 m long). I was thinking if I could use these rolls to put in the corners and maybe back and front of the room as bass traps. The problem is that these rolls are held together with plastic that doesn't breath... They are also compressed a little. Do you think this could work? Plan B would be to remove the plastic, let them decompress a little and then hold them together with some duct tape. I hope my explanation is clear enough... :|

So any opinions would be greatly appreciated...

Thanks Thomas
Soundman2020
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Soundman2020 »

Hi Thomas, and Welcome! :)
I was thinking if I could use these rolls to put in the corners and maybe back and front of the room as bass traps.
That would work, to a certain extent. The plastic wrapping is not the problem. In fact, that's good, as it tends to reflect the highs back into the room. The issue would be if the insulation is highly compressed, as that would defeat the "porous absorption" nature of the wool. If it is slightly compressed, that is not a problem, but if it is very much compressed, you won't get such good performance.

The beast way of finding out is to use REW: Do a test with the room empty, then do a second test with several rolls stacked in the corners, and compare the results. Post the MDAT file here on the forum, so we can help analyze it.

My guess is that you'll get reasonably good results with them still wrapped up, since you say they are only "compressed a little".
these rolls are held together with plastic that doesn't breath...
No problem. The plastic is just a thin foil covering the outside of the insulation, and the insulation does not need to "breathe" in order to work as a bass trap. That foil is actually a good thing, since thick, deep bass traps very often suck out too much of the high frequency end of the spectrum, in addition to treating bass, and the foil reflects those highs back to the room, instead of allowing them to be absorbed. We often recommend putting plastic in front of bass traps for this very reason.
Plan B would be to remove the plastic, let them decompress a little and then hold them together with some duct tape.
That's another possibility, but hopefully you won't need to do that. A third possibility is to slit the plastic wrapping vertically up the roll on one side, but without taking it off the roll, the using duct tape to hold it together again, over the gap where the slit is. In other words, allow the insulation to spread out a little and decompress, but use the original plastic to still keep the roll mostly together.

Of course, this isn't going to look very pretty! :)

- Stuart -
Bomper
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

Of course, this isn't going to look very pretty! :)

- Stuart -
Haha, I'll try to explain that to my parents tonight :P .

I'm planning this for this weekend so maybe afterwards I can post a pic on how good it looks...
I really hope I'll get better results then in my current room. We (the band) were hoping to good the mix done by the end of november...

Extremely greatfull for your quick answer, I'll post back as soon as I can.

Thanks, Thomas
bert Stoltenborg
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by bert Stoltenborg »

As Stuart says, don't worry to much about the compression.
You can compress wool quite a bit without degrading the absorptive quality.
There are some examples of that, f.e. in the Master Handbook of Acoustics.
And besides I know people who stacked packed rolls or packs of wool in the room with good results.
Bomper
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

Ok, I'll try to do some measurements this afternoon with the room unthreated and then start adding up from there.

Thanks guys, I'll try to post some data this weekend. It will be my first time using REW so hopefully that works out well... :shock:

Regards, Thomas
Bomper
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

There are some examples of that, f.e. in the Master Handbook of Acoustics.
By the way Bert, thanks for the tip above. I didn't have that book. Very detailed and informative. I like knowing the science of these things 8)

Thomas
Bomper
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

Hey

So I did some measurements this weekend. Below I made a drawing of the room as it's now, 5000x4350x2700mm (LxWxH). The red rectangles are porous absorbers (2080x1200) with 100 mm fiberglass spaced at different distances from the walls. The room itself is al brick walls (painted), concrete ceiling (painted) and tile floor. So, a lot of reflections...
temp_room mix position 2.jpg
So, as I said before, I did measurements before and after treatment. I just can't seem to upload the .mdat file. It says it doesn't recognize the file format... :evil:

Below are the images:

- Before treatment:
temp_room_before_treatment.jpg
- After treatment L speaker:
temp_room_after_treatment L speaker.jpg
- After treatment R speaker:
temp_room_after_treatment R speaker.jpg
Hope you can comment already? If you tell me how to attache the .mdat file I can do that to.

Thanks, Thomas
Soundman2020
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Soundman2020 »

Based on that diagram, there's a LOT you need to fix!

Firstly, your mix position appears to be in the exact center of the room, which is the worst possible place. That is right at the spot where all the peaks and nulls from modal response are at their maximum values. For a room 5m long, your head (ears) should be about 1.9m from the front wall. So first move your desk such that your head will be at that location.

Next your speakers are positioned away from the front walls, which is an error in a room that small. Unless you can have them at least one meter away from the wall, that's no use. They should be right up against the front wall, with just a small 10cm gap. So move the speakers up to the wall, except for that gap.

Next, you have no absorption on the front wall behind the speakers, which you definitely do need, as it helps with several artifacts. That's the reason for the 10cm gap I mentioned above: move two of your panels to have them between your speakers and the front wall, so that the back corner of the speaker is almost touching the front of the panel. What I would do is to take that one big panel off the front wall, and use the two rear panels that you have on the side walls, roughly centered behind the speakers.

What speakers are you using, and how do you have the rear panel controls set?

Next check your speaker positions with regards to the side walls: For a room 4.350m wide, the acoustic axis of each speaker should be about 1.2m from the side wall. That means your speakers will be about 1.9 m apart. Now angle the speakers carefully so that the acoustic axes of both speakers meet at a point about 40cm behind your head. An easy way to do that is to set up a mic stand or any other vertical pole so that it is 40cm behind where your head will be, set up a laser pointer on the top of each speaker aligned with the acoustic axis and perpendicular to the front face, then angle the speaker until the laser hits the pole.

Next, you need to re-arrange your rolls of insulation: Right now you show rolls in the front corners, which is fine: do not move those. Then you show four rolls towards the back of the room, but in the wrong place. Put all of those into the rear corners of the room, staked floor to ceiling. Put as many as you can get in there.

And finally, take the big panel that you took off the front wall, and put it in front of the panel that you have on the back wall, so you have two panels together there. Leave a gap between them if you can, of about 30cm.

Now repeat your REW test, and post the new results here.

Upload your MDAT file to a file.sharing service, such as DropBox, and post the link here. First do that for the file you already have, so we can analyze that, then do it again with the new file, once you have the room set up correctly.
- After treatment
It's working, to a certain extent: the modal response is being damped, as you can clearly see. But not enough, and there are other issues there too.... Let's see how it looks after you set up the room correctly.

What treatment do you have on the ceiling at present?

- Stuart -
Bomper
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

Hey

So, I updated my Sketchup drawing:
temp_room.skp
Added some details like windows, door, furniture... Sorry I didn't put that on my original drawing but then I was just enquiring about the possibility of using insulation rolls as bass traps :P ...
Firstly, your mix position appears to be in the exact center of the room, which is the worst possible place. That is right at the spot where all the peaks and nulls from modal response are at their maximum values. For a room 5m long, your head (ears) should be about 1.9m from the front wall. So first move your desk such that your head will be at that location.
I changed that, the actual position was actually more towards your suggestion then the drawings...
Next your speakers are positioned away from the front walls, which is an error in a room that small. Unless you can have them at least one meter away from the wall, that's no use. They should be right up against the front wall, with just a small 10cm gap. So move the speakers up to the wall, except for that gap.
I interpreted this as putting them 10 cm from the actual wall. Not 10 cm from the 2 panels you suggested I put against the front wall. So now they are almost touching the 2 panels against the front wall.
Next, you have no absorption on the front wall behind the speakers, which you definitely do need, as it helps with several artifacts. That's the reason for the 10cm gap I mentioned above: move two of your panels to have them between your speakers and the front wall, so that the back corner of the speaker is almost touching the front of the panel. What I would do is to take that one big panel off the front wall, and use the two rear panels that you have on the side walls, roughly centered behind the speakers.
Ok, so as mentioned above...
What speakers are you using, and how do you have the rear panel controls set?
Adam Audio A8X. They have 2 shelving filters (+/- 6dB) and a tweeter level control. All the controls are at the 0 dB position.
Next check your speaker positions with regards to the side walls: For a room 4.350m wide, the acoustic axis of each speaker should be about 1.2m from the side wall. That means your speakers will be about 1.9 m apart. Now angle the speakers carefully so that the acoustic axes of both speakers meet at a point about 40cm behind your head. An easy way to do that is to set up a mic stand or any other vertical pole so that it is 40cm behind where your head will be, set up a laser pointer on the top of each speaker aligned with the acoustic axis and perpendicular to the front face, then angle the speaker until the laser hits the pole.
Ok, done. Should be clear in the new sketchup drawing.
Next, you need to re-arrange your rolls of insulation: Right now you show rolls in the front corners, which is fine: do not move those. Then you show four rolls towards the back of the room, but in the wrong place. Put all of those into the rear corners of the room, staked floor to ceiling. Put as many as you can get in there.
First an explanation of the position of those rolls. After checking the SPL and waterfall graphs in REW I then played a sine wave at the most troublesome frequencies and tried to find the peaks by ear. I placed the rolls there.
But now I changed the position as you suggested (check sketchup drawing). Only problem is the fact that in the left back corner there is a door. So for the moment I put all the rolls in the right back corner as in the drawing.
And finally, take the big panel that you took off the front wall, and put it in front of the panel that you have on the back wall, so you have two panels together there. Leave a gap between them if you can, of about 30cm.
Done.
Now repeat your REW test, and post the new results here.
https://www.dropbox.com/sh/7qil6m3wreq5 ... 84qba?dl=0
What treatment do you have on the ceiling at present?
None... I was planning on making one other panel and hanging that above the mix position. It's a problem because I can even here some flutter echoes...

Stuart, I really apreciate you commenting on this. I would also like to ask when you check the REW file that you maybe give some explanation as to how you interpret the data. I have an idea of what's actually there (as in the raw data) but I'm not accustomed to interpreting it from the acoustics side.

Many thanks... Thomas
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Soundman2020 »

use the two rear panels that you have on the side walls, roughly centered behind the speakers.
Ok, so as mentioned above...
It looks like you misunderstood. When I say the panels should be centered behind the speakers, this is what I mean:
temp_room-1.png
In other words, each panel is centered behind each speaker.
Adam Audio A8X.
Nice! Good choice. Set the low shelving filter to roughly -5 dB. That's to compensate for the "baffle step response" issue. Since the speaker is now very close to the front wall, it no longer needs the built-in baffle step power imbalance adjustment, so you can effectively remove it by moveing the "low shelf" filter down. The speaker is now radiating into half-space, effectively, so the full-space power correction is not needed anymore. You can see the problem in this image:
bass-rise.jpg
The bass rise, starting at somewhere around 500 Hz very roughly, is clearly visible. That graph is smoothed to one-third octave, to highlight the overall effect, rather than the details.

I can't tell you how to set the other two, because you are cutting off your REW tests way short! Your tests only go up to 5 kHz, so you are missing the entire high frequency range. Your Adam's easily produce way above 20 kHz. (one of their impressive features), but even for lesser speakers that only go up to 20 kHz, you still need to let REW run the entire spectrum and some more, to see how the top end is doing. So adjust REW to run up to about 25 kHz.

You also do not need to have REW starting way down at 2 Hz, in the extreme low end of the subsonics! Even whales can't hear such low frequencies... :) Your Adam's only start doing interesting things at about 30 Hz, so set REW to start an octave lower, at 15 Hz. There's nothing at all useful down that low, your speaker's can't actually produce tones that low, your mic can't capture them, your interface can't convert them, and your system can't process them. so there's no need at all to include such a low range.

In other words, let REW run from 15 Hz to 25 kHz, to capture the full spectrum of what your speakers are doing, and how the room is reacting to that. :)

So leave the other two controls at 0 for now: we might need to tweak them later, but the info for doing so is not in your data.

One other thing: In addition to the REW tests with only left and only right speakers, I also need to see tests with BOTH speakers on at once.
the acoustic axis of each speaker should be about 1.2m from the side wall. That means your speakers will be about 1.9 m apart.
Ok, done. Should be clear in the new sketchup drawing.
That's not what I'm seeing in the SketchUp! It shows that your speaker's acoustic axes are 127 cm from the side walls, instead of 120, and that they are only 180cm apart, instead of 190cm, and not equidistant from the side walls either! This is what you are showing:
temp_room-1b.png
Move each one about 7cm closer to the side walls, and make sure they are the SAME distance from the walls. Yes, 7cm matters! That is a full wavelength for 5 kHz, a half wavelength for 2.5 kHz, and a quarter wave for 1.2 kHz.... Yes, symmetry matters for the same reason. And accuracy too...
First an explanation of the position of those rolls. After checking the SPL and waterfall graphs in REW I then played a sine wave at the most troublesome frequencies and tried to find the peaks by ear. I placed the rolls there.
Yep, but that's the wrong place to put them! You want maximum absorption of MODAL energy: all modes terminate in room corners, not in the middle of the room, so placing bass traps in corners is where you get maximum effect. Also, you were listening for peaks, not nulls: Peaks are easier to deal with, and might not even be due to modal problems: that could be SBIR or other issues. Modal nulls are the problem, and you can't treat a null by putting absorption in it! You have to put the absorption where the peak is, which is always in the corner...
But now I changed the position as you suggested
... and you can see the much improved response on your graphs... :)
Only problem is the fact that in the left back corner there is a door.
:shock: :? :roll: That's why John's comment on the forum rules ask that you take care to specify such things in your first post! :)

You'll probably need to build a bass-trap on wheels to deal with that. One you can just push into place in front of the door when you are doing critical listening and mixing, but push out of the way to open the door.

You'll need to do a REW test with rolls in that corner as well.
What treatment do you have on the ceiling at present?
None... I was planning on making one other panel and hanging that above the mix position. It's a problem because I can even here some flutter echoes...
You will DEFINITELY need treatment up there! The reflections and vertical axis modal response are very, very clearly visible in your graphs. I would suggest that you make a very large, deep, hard-backed cloud to hang over the area between the speakers and your head, and angle it fairly steeply (lower over the speakers, higher over your head). Also put additional absorption on top, not just below.
I would also like to ask when you check the REW file that you maybe give some explanation as to how you interpret the data.
Wow! Well, there's a lot of things that I look at, in different ways, to tell me different things about the room, and compare that to what it should be ideally. For detecting the bass rise issue, for example, I smoothed the graphs as much as possible to get rid of the details and see only the overall curve, then I zoomed in to show only the lows and mids, the placed a cursor line at the average level (about 72 dB) so the rise is clearly visible above that.

Then, for the modal stuff I di NOT smooth it at all, and looked at the waterfall plots and compared those to a modal prediction for your room: the modes are very, very visible. First, your 1.0.0 mode at 34.4 Hz is a monster!
Modal-1--1.0.0.--34.4.jpg
That's the fundamental lowest mode in your room, associated with the long axis (front to back), and it is HUGE! It also coincides with the lowest note on a 5-string bass guitar.... :shock:

Your 0.1.0 mode is not visible: probably lost inside that monster at 1.0.0. But its fundamentals are there, very strongly. Both the 0.2.0 (99 Hz) and 0.3.0 (118 Hz)are very well represented:
Modal-2--0.2.0--99.2.jpg
Modal-3--0.3.0--118.jpg
And your 0.0.1 mode is also very much on the charts, at 63.8 Hz:
Modal-4--0.0.1--63.8.jpg
So you have major modal issues in all three axes. There's also tangential modes clearly happening, and even e hints of oblique modes.

In other words, your bass trapping is not working.

Next, I looked at the decay times, one third octave:
decay-one-third.jpg

... and found that your room is way too live. Your decay times seem to be around 400 ms, but for a room that size it should be around 200 ms. (Of course, I can't see what is going on in the high end, since you didn't let REW do that, but from experience I'd guess it is fairly constant from 4k upwards, probably tailing off a little more at the high end.)

So you clearly don't have enough absorption in that room.

Then I looked at the ETC curve (smoothed to 0.1ms):
ETC-2.jpg
... and saw that there are multiple reflections happening within the Haas time and at high levels. Zooming in on that, you can see that there are at least 14 reflections above -20 dB before 20 ms.... :shock:
ETC-03-z.jpg
So directionality and reverb-tails will be lost in there: you won't be able to hear subtle clues in the mix, and you won't be able to determine sound-stage locations very well.

Then finally I compared pure SPL levels of the "before" and "after" situation (smoothed to 1/12th octave), and saw a large improvement with the new layout and new treatment:
SPL-before-after--2.jpg
The gold colored curve is the original "before" situation, the purple curve is with your setup and treatment, and the green curve is with my setup and treatment layout. You can see how very much smoother the green curve is... :)

So, my overall conclusion is that your treatment is insufficient, and not working very well. You are lacking bass trapping, overall absorption, and reflection control.

What type of insulation did you use in your panels, and what type are you using in your "roll" traps? I have a feeling that it is not suitable for what you are trying to do. The graphs don't show that the room is responding as it should to that treatment.

Anyway, please do new REW tests with the correct frequency range set, also with both speakers, and with two of the rolls in front of the door.


- Stuart -
bert Stoltenborg
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by bert Stoltenborg »

Yep, but that's the wrong place to put them! You want maximum absorption of MODAL energy: all modes terminate in room corners, not in the middle of the room, so placing bass traps in corners is where you get maximum effect. Also, you were listening for peaks, not nulls: Peaks are easier to deal with, and might not even be due to modal problems: that could be SBIR or other issues. Modal nulls are the problem, and you can't treat a null by putting absorption in it! You have to put the absorption where the peak is, which is always in the corner...

Not to queston your elaborations which I really admire, but:
In fact wool is working on the velocity max and works best in the middle, as in speaker cabinets.
Helmholtz, 1/4 lambda and diafragm absorbers work on pressure and should be in corners.
It's a trade off to put wool in corners.
Bomper
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

Wow, thank you very much Stuart for the detailed explanation.

I measured my speaker positions and they were as you suggested. I just hadn't accurately positioned them in my sketcup drawing. Also, the position of the front wall panels I misunderstood your explanation. I'll change there position as soon as I get back to it. That 'll be probably this weekend.

I'll try to make a cloud this weekend. Something like 2 by 1.5 meters. Double layer of 8 cm glass wool on the bottom and 1 layer on top?

Concerning the absorption on the back wall: I'll try to add some more rolls of insulation (it's 10 cm glass fiber wool - I think you call it mineral wool) and maybe open them up so the wool can decompress. I still have something like 10 rolls at my disposal... So probably should add that.
Would making acoustic hangers make a difference? I figured since I'll be in that room for a while it might be worth the effort...
I'll also try to find a carpet for the floor.

I didn't know that I had to compensate for the baffle step effect even when the speakers aren't actually soffit mounted. But the data clearly shows it's necessary.

Anyway, tomorrow I'll post a new sketchup file with my suggestions. Some more measuring this weekend...

Many thanks, Thomas
Bomper
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

Hey

So, I updated my sketchup file:
temp_room.skp
Don't know yet if I'll be able to get my hands on as many rolls as I put in there. The ones before the door I put on a movable platform. Not sure about the positioning and size of the cloud to.

Stuart, wouldn't it be good to maybe change the front 2 absorbers (left and right wall) to hard back? That way the design would approach an RFZ design more?

I'll start the modifications tomorrow and maybe hopefully do some measurements already. I'll post them as soon as I have em.

Regards, Thomas
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Soundman2020 »

Stuart, wouldn't it be good to maybe change the front 2 absorbers (left and right wall) to hard back? That way the design would approach an RFZ design more?
RFZ is a bit more complex than just sticking some wood panels in the room corners! It requires a lot more than that, and you did say that this room is only a temporarily place, so it would not be worth building what you'd need to make that room true RFZ. If it was going to be your permanent studio, then yes.
I'll try to make a cloud this weekend. Something like 2 by 1.5 meters. Double layer of 8 cm glass wool on the bottom and 1 layer on top?
That would be a good start. PLus the hard backing in between the "bottom" and "top": I'd suggest 22mm MDF for that. Hang it on chains (it will be heavy!), and tilt it downwards (lower over the speakers, higher over your head).
Would making acoustic hangers make a difference?
Probably not worth it your case, since this is just a temporary place. If it was going to be your permanent studio, then yes.
I'll also try to find a carpet for the floor.
:shock: :? :roll: :ahh: :cop: Carpets are no good for room acoustics. They do the opposite of what you need. If you just wanted a small piece under your chair and desk, that would be fine, but don't carpet the entire floor!!!

I didn't know that I had to compensate for the baffle step effect even when the speakers aren't actually soffit mounted.
Yup! That's what happens when you force a speaker to radiate into half-space, instead of full space. Since the energy traveling backwards behind the speaker, that normally would have been lost, is now all coming back at you, the level increases by 6 dB, or maybe a bit less. The closer you get to the wall, the higher the boost is, up to 6 dB. It is probably less if you are further away, maybe 3 or 4 dB, but that close to the wall it is almost the same as soffit-mounting, from that point of view.


- Stuart -
Bomper
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Re: Temporary acoustic treatment

Post by Bomper »

Hey

So did these measurements saturday:

https://www.dropbox.com/sh/7qil6m3wreq5 ... 84qba?dl=0

This is a pic of the room (front treatment):
temp_room.jpg
So, I've added the cloud and openend up the rolls of insulation. Plus on this is that the original plastic they were wrapped in is now only covering about half of the surface. This means I can turn the around if I need some more high frequenty reflections. :idea:
I have now 2 rolls like in the front in each back corner and the double absorber (as in previous sketchup file) on the cabinet. I was thinking of changing that to three rolls openened up on top of that cabinet. That way I can move the two panels to the side walls. I still have material to make one such panel to put on the ceiling more to the back. Sketchup file below.
temp_room.skp
Although the measurements aren't great yet (especially the 1.0.0 mode :evil: ) there is already significant improval to before and very significant to my previous room!!! When I check my mixes on other systems the balance is already noticeably better.

Thanks, Thomas
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